Showing posts with label Unlocking the Mysteries of Bisaya Grammar through English and German. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Unlocking the Mysteries of Bisaya Grammar through English and German. Show all posts
Friday, April 13, 2012
Bisaya Dative Case?!
I'm to compile all the existing Bisaya personal pronouns. There are a lot of them out there so I thought I'd start by picking them out according to CASES--and to tell you the truth, it's more difficult than I thought. I've made a table here, but I'm sure it's lacking. Somehow, the pronouns change according to each different sentence pattern one uses--and I sure as hell won't delve into sentence patterns yet. I haven't even elucidated which parts of the sentence exist in Bisaya yet. That could take a while.
So how did I determine which pronouns are which? Here's how. And please feel free to correct any mistakes I've inadvertently made.
I used this sentence the the accusative case: I will kill you. = Patyon tika. = Ich töte dich. So, let's start.
Kill me. = Patya ko. = Töte mich.
I will kill you. = Patyon tika/tikaw/taka/takaw. = Ich töte dich.
I will kill him. = Patyon nako siya. = Ich töte ihn.
I will kill her. = Patyon nako siya. = Ich töte sie.
I will kill it. = Patyon nako siya. = Ich töte es.
Kill us. = Patya mi. = Töt uns.
I will kill you. = Patyon nako tamo. = Ich töte euch.
I will kill you. = Patyon nako sila. = Ich töte sie.
And for the Dative case, I used such a sentence because it makes use of an indirect object: I will give this to you. = Ako ni ihatag sa imoha. = Ich gebe es dir.
Give it to me. = Ihatag na sa akoa.* = Gibt es mir.
* Colloquial: Ihatag na sa ako.
I will give this to you. = Ako ni ihatag sa imoha.* = Ich gebe dir es.
*There is another way of saying this: Ako ni ihatag nimo. Now I'm thinking 'nimo' might be the correct Dative form because it does not use the preposition, if it is a preposition, which I have a strong feeling it is, "sa". Will have to mull this over.
I will give this to him/her/it. = Ako ni ihatag sa iyaha. = Ich gebe ihm/ihr/ihm es.
I will give this to us. = Ako ni ihatag sa atoa. = Ich gebe uns es.
I will give this to you. = Ako ni ihatag sa inyoha.** = Ich gebe euch es.
** Another way of saying this is: Ako ni ihatag kaninyo. But this is a little archaic. Mostly priests say this during the consecration (during mass, if you don't know).
I will give this to them. = Ako ni ihatag sa ilaha. = Ich gebe ihnen es.
Wednesday, April 11, 2012
Bisaya, Personal Pronouns
see also: grammatical person
FIRST PERSON SINGULAR
Ako ang una! = I am the first! = Ich bin die Erste/der Erster!
FIRST PERSON PLURAL
Kami ang una! = We are the first! = Wir sind die Erste!
SECOND PERSON SINGULAR
Ikaw ang una.* = You are the first. = Du bist die Erste/der Erster.
*Am I missing something? Where is the verb here? You noticed that, too? Literally translating it, it would be: You, the first. Du, die Erste/der Erster.
SECOND PERSON PLURAL
Kami ang una. = We are the first. = Wir sind die Erste.
THIRD PERSON SINGULAR
Siya ng una. = He is the first. She is the first. It is the first. = Er ist der Erster./Sie ist die Erste.
THIRD PERSON PLURAL
Sila ang una. = They are the first. = Sie sind die Erste.
GRAMMAR:
In this example, no linking verb is used to connect the subject to the complement, in this case, the predicate adjective: ang una.
Therefore, it may be safe to say, that the S-LV-C English sentence pattern counterpart in Bisaya DOES NOT NEED A LINKING VERB. However, it does not include a particular form, for example:
Gwapa ko. = Pretty, me. *
*"Ko" here is in a different case: accusative. It is not the subject in the sentence.
But when you say: Ako kay gwapa = I am pretty-------> it sounds erroneous when spoken out of context. It has to be: Bati ka ug nawng. Ako kay gwapa. = You are ugly. I am pretty. (literally, it's really: You are ugly of face. I am pretty).
Grrrr. I should really translate everything literally first. But so many words don't have exact translations! At this point, I can't figure out what parts of speech they are!
FIRST PERSON SINGULAR
Ako ang una! = I am the first! = Ich bin die Erste/der Erster!
FIRST PERSON PLURAL
Kami ang una! = We are the first! = Wir sind die Erste!
SECOND PERSON SINGULAR
Ikaw ang una.* = You are the first. = Du bist die Erste/der Erster.
*Am I missing something? Where is the verb here? You noticed that, too? Literally translating it, it would be: You, the first. Du, die Erste/der Erster.
SECOND PERSON PLURAL
Kami ang una. = We are the first. = Wir sind die Erste.
THIRD PERSON SINGULAR
Siya ng una. = He is the first. She is the first. It is the first. = Er ist der Erster./Sie ist die Erste.
THIRD PERSON PLURAL
Sila ang una. = They are the first. = Sie sind die Erste.
GRAMMAR:
In this example, no linking verb is used to connect the subject to the complement, in this case, the predicate adjective: ang una.
Therefore, it may be safe to say, that the S-LV-C English sentence pattern counterpart in Bisaya DOES NOT NEED A LINKING VERB. However, it does not include a particular form, for example:
Gwapa ko. = Pretty, me. *
*"Ko" here is in a different case: accusative. It is not the subject in the sentence.
But when you say: Ako kay gwapa = I am pretty-------> it sounds erroneous when spoken out of context. It has to be: Bati ka ug nawng. Ako kay gwapa. = You are ugly. I am pretty. (literally, it's really: You are ugly of face. I am pretty).
Grrrr. I should really translate everything literally first. But so many words don't have exact translations! At this point, I can't figure out what parts of speech they are!
Tuesday, April 10, 2012
Introducing Yourself in Bisaya
I am XXX. = Ich heiße XXX. = Ako si XXX.
I am XX years old. = Ich bin XX Jahre alt. = XX na ko ka tuig.
Vocabulary:
AKO = I = Ich
SI = the? = Der/Die
NA = ?
KO = me/mich
KA = ?
TUIG = year/Jahre
The possible translations for the words with question mark will be tackled during the grammatical examination of the sentences.
I am XX years old. = Ich bin XX Jahre alt. = XX na ko ka tuig.
Vocabulary:
AKO = I = Ich
SI = the? = Der/Die
NA = ?
KO = me/mich
KA = ?
TUIG = year/Jahre
The possible translations for the words with question mark will be tackled during the grammatical examination of the sentences.
Saturday, March 31, 2012
Introduction to Bisaya Grammar: the Definite Article "Ang"
Unlike German, which has three forms of the article "the", der, die, das, Bisaya has only one: Ang.
German: Der Löffel. (Masculine)
Die Gabel. (Feminine)
Das Messer. (Neutral)
English: The spoon. (Neutral)
The fork. (Neutral)
The knife. (Neutral)
Bisaya: Ang kutsara. (Neutral)
Ang tinidor. (Neutral)
Ang kutsilyo. (Neutral)
Simple, is it not?
German: Der Löffel. (Masculine)
Die Gabel. (Feminine)
Das Messer. (Neutral)
English: The spoon. (Neutral)
The fork. (Neutral)
The knife. (Neutral)
Bisaya: Ang kutsara. (Neutral)
Ang tinidor. (Neutral)
Ang kutsilyo. (Neutral)
Simple, is it not?
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